Vol. 9, Special Issue 3 (2024)

Author(s): Nikita, Manohar Lal Sain, Deepika Goklaney, Devender Choudhary and Vaishali

Abstract: Biomedical waste is not only a reservoir of microbes but also a potential cause of many new multi drug resistant bacteria. Improper disposal of hospital waste, along with exposure to such waste, poses significant risks to both the environment and human health. In present study, 150 biomedical waste samples were collected different sites such as healthcare facilities, veterinary hospitals and laboratories of Bikaner from Bikaner and all the biomedical waste samples were evaluated for isolation and identification of some aerobic gram- positive and gram-negative bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. In the present study, out of 150 biomedical waste samples, 58 (38.66%), 46 (30.66%), 37 (24.66%), 26 (17.33%), 11 (7.33%) were found positive for E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus spp. and Bacillus cereus, respectively. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus spp. and Bacillus cereus revealed that most effective antibiotic was Methicillin (100%) followed by Azithromycin (73.48%), gentamicin (72.72%), Chloramphenicol (66.66%) and Trimethoprim (65.15%) while the isolates showed high resistance to Clindamycin (78.03%) followed by Ampicillin (71.21%), Penicillin-G(69.69%), Erythromycin (68.93%) and Oxytetracycline (62.12%).The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus aureus revealed that most effective antibiotic was Gentamicin (73.91%) followed by Trimethoprim and Chloramphenicol (69.56%), Ciprofloxacin (63.04%), and Methicillin (45.65%) while the isolates showed highest resistance to Penicillin-G(73.91%) followed by Ampicillin (69.56%), Co-trimoxazole (67.39%), Erythromycin(65.21%), Azithromycin (54.34%), Clindamycin(47.82%) and Methicillin (36.95%). It was concluded that biomedical waste is a major source of multidrug resistant bacteria. Hence, proper management of potentially infectious biomedical waste is needed before disposal.