Vol. 9, Issue 3, Part I (2024)

Author(s): RB Vishnurahav, NV Rajesh, E Madhesh, M Balagangatharathilagar and V Vijayanand

Abstract: Rodenticide, or rat poison, is used to control rodents in areas like kitchens and food storage. Anticoagulant rodenticides, some of the most toxic household substances, are categorized into first, second, and third generations. Bromadiolone, a second-generation anticoagulant known as super warfarin, is highly potent and long-acting. It has a high lipid solubility, allowing it to cross the blood-brain barrier, and a maximum half-life of 56 days. Bromadiolone poisoning in dogs can lead to central nervous system toxicity and organ haemorrhages. Diagnosis includes prolonged prothrombin time and aPTT. Treatment involves vitamin K1 due to bromadiolone's long half-life. An accidental ingestion case in a two-month-old male Spitz showed congested mucous membranes and prolonged clotting time. Treatment included activated charcoal, emesis, and fluids, followed by vitamin K1 and tranexamic acid. The dog showed improvement after three days. Long-term management involves continued vitamin K1 and activity restriction.